The selection of tools should consider the processing capacity, process content, workpiece material and other factors of the CNC lathe. The tool selected by the CNC lathe not only requires high hardness, high wear resistance, sufficient strength and toughness, high heat resistance and good manufacturability, but also requires stable dimensions and convenient installation and adjustment. Therefore, new high-quality materials should be used to manufacture CNC machining tools, and the tool parameters should be optimized to make the size of the tool adapt to the surface size and shape of the workpiece to be machined. So, how to choose the right cutting tool?
(1) Select the appropriate tool
In the cutting process of CNC lathes, the role of metal cutting tools is extremely important. The material for making the tool must have high hardness, wear resistance and heat resistance, sufficient strength and toughness, good thermal conductivity and processability, and good economy. In the process of selecting tools, on the premise of meeting the requirements of parts processing, try to choose a tool with a larger diameter, which has better strength and toughness; in the same process, the number of tools selected is as small as possible to reduce the number of tool changes; It is possible to choose a general standard tool, and no or less special non-standard tool.
(2) Reasonably determine the tool setting point
The tool setting point is the starting point of the movement of the tool relative to the workpiece when machining parts on a CNC lathe. Also known as "program starting point" or "starting point". The selection of the tool setting point must comply with the following principles: easy to use digital processing and simplified programming; easy to align on the lathe, easy to check when processing; small processing errors. The position of the tool setting point can be selected on the workpiece or outside the workpiece (such as a fixture or a lathe), but it must have a certain dimensional relationship with the positioning datum of the part. The tool setting point should be selected as far as possible on the design datum or process datum of the part. For example, for a workpiece positioned with a hole, the center of the hole can be selected as the tool setting point. The position of the tool is aligned with this hole, so that the "positioning point" and the "tool setting point" coincide. In this way, it is possible to better improve the efficiency of tool setting and ensure the processing quality.
